Spaniard Quietist Miguel De Molinos Essay Example For Students

Spaniard Quietist Miguel De Molinos Essay Spaniard Quietist Miguel de MolinosThe Spaniard Quietist Miguel de MolinosI. Factors. The Church, since its origins has suffered from the attack of hereticsand their heresies which have caused many controversies and schisms within it. However, manyof the conflicts are the result of other than heresies. There arecases where conflicts arose because of ambition of power, lack of moral, andintrigues, other because of lack of wisdom and a poor theological understanding. We will write a custom essay on Spaniard Quietist Miguel De Molinos specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now One of the instances in which a mixture of the elements mentioned abovewere present was the case of the Spaniard quietist Miguel de Molinos during theXVII century.Molinos was accused by the Church with charges of heresy as wellas of immoral misconduct.His main work La Gua Espiritual (The spiritualGuide) was placed in the Indexof the Church, and Molinos himself wascondemned to life imprisonment,to be perpetually clothed in the penitentialgarb, to recite the Credo and one third of the Rosary, and to make confessionfour times every year. Molinos recanted publicly. His admirers said that he was behavingconsistently with what he believed and taught. His accusers said that hisrecanting was a proof of his guilt. What were real motives why Molinos admittedhis guilt? Molinos oncesaid: The true quietists are always quiet, serene and eve-minded in Graces andin extraordinary favors as also in the most rigorous and bitter torments. Nonews causes them to rejoice, no event saddens them. Was Miguel de Molinostrying to beconsistent way with his mystical teachings of total passivity?, orwas he really guilty as charged? Was Molinos a victim of the jealousy of theJesuits? Was his fall caused by the machinations of a corrupt clergy who sawthat they would loose their living if his plain and simple method of devotionwere generally adopted?Did he ever had any other options than recantadmitting his culpability? Was martyrdom his only other option?II. ProtagonistsMolinos wasa man ofnoble character and a brilliant and widelycultured mind.His reputation of director of consciences and spiritual guidegranted him the admiration and esteem of all kinds of people among whom wasCardinal Benedict Odescalchi who later b ecame pope Innocent XI.At his arrestthose who new him close were very distressed. His servants kissing his feet andcalling his a saint where convinced that all was a mistake.When all thistook place in 1685 Molinos was fifty-seven years old, (he was born in 1628 ). Although when arrested he lost control , during the trial he show noapprehension, he was a quietist by conviction . The pope Innocent XI( former Cardinal Benedict Odescalchi and personalfriend of Molinos ) was born in Como (Italy) and pursued his studies in Geneva,Rome, and Naples.He was elected pope by the Cardinal College in 1676.He isportrayed by catholic historians aspope that was committed to keep anhonorable life, which was hard to do in his age and office -. He made reformsin the Church specially in relation with the abuses of nepotism. In order to beconsistent with his convictions he kept his own nephew away from the Roman Curia. Because of his campaign against king Louis XVIInnocent was called theProtestant pope by the Gallican party.He was considered a man of iron handwhen needed.He made some prescriptions concerning the behavior of the clergy,forbade the entering of women into the Vatican Palace (except the royalty), . and condemned the Quietism of Molinos.Concerning his former friendship withMolinos he claimed Veramente siamo engannati. III. The ConflictThe teachings of Molinos were not knew for the Church.In Spain themystic Juan Falcon (1596-1638), had a large number of followers during hislifetime.Another group, the Alumbrados influenced many people in Cadiz andSeville in the late 1500s. They taught that vocal prayer, and thinking in thehumanity of Jesus or in his passion must be avoided. In 1623 the Inquisitioncondemned them as heretics.It is clear that both, Falcon and the Alumbrados,influenced Molinos thought. .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1 , .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1 .postImageUrl , .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1 , .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1:hover , .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1:visited , .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1:active { border:0!important; } .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1:active , .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1 .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1914a551f1ee57a8098007887eec47d1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Mean Spirit Essay Molinos doctrines about mysticism were world wide appreciated andpracticed. It is said that in Naples he had more that 20.000 followers.Hispopularity among the royalty was notable. Queen Christina of Sweden, andprincess Borghese were among his devoted followers.The main work of Molinos LaGua Espiritual was subject of investigation by the Holy Office. However theconflict arose when the Jesuitsbegun to question his practices and theteachings found in his writings which at one time were highly praise by theclergy .Molinos has taught that if souls in a high state of

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Pan Africanism is various movements in Africa that have as their common goal the unity of Africans and the elimination of colonialism and white supremacy from the continent. However, on the scope and meaning of Pan-Africanism, including such matters as leadership, political orientation, and national as opposed to regional interests, they are widely, often bitterly, divided. One catalyst for the rapid and widespread development of Pan-Africanism was the colonization of the continent by European powers in the late 19th cent. The First Pan-African Congress, convened in London in 1900, was followed by others in Paris (1919), London and Brussels (1921), London and Lisbon (1923), and New York City (1927). These congresses organized chiefly by W. E. B. DuBois and attended by the North American and West Indian black intelligentsia, did not propose immediate African independence; they favored gradual self-government and interracialism. In 1944, several African organizations in London joined t o form the Pan-African Federation, which for the first time demanded African autonomy and independence. The Federation convened (1945) in Manchester the Sixth Pan-African Congress, which included such future political figures as Jomo Kenyatta from Kenya, Kwame Nkrumah from the Gold Coast, S. L. Akintola from Nigeria, Wallace Johnson from Sierra Leone, and Ralph Armattoe from Togo. While at the Manchester congress, Nkrumah founded the West African National Secretariat to promote a so-called United States of Africa. Pan-Africanism as an intergovernmental movement was launched in 1958 with the First Conference of Independent African States in Accra, Ghana. Ghana and Liberia were the only sub-Saharan countries represented; the remainder were Arab and Muslim. Thereafter, as independence was achieved by more African states, other interpretations of Pan-Africanism emerged, including: the Union of African States (1960), the African States of the Casablanca C... Free Essays on Pan Africanism Free Essays on Pan Africanism Pan Africanism is various movements in Africa that have as their common goal the unity of Africans and the elimination of colonialism and white supremacy from the continent. However, on the scope and meaning of Pan-Africanism, including such matters as leadership, political orientation, and national as opposed to regional interests, they are widely, often bitterly, divided. One catalyst for the rapid and widespread development of Pan-Africanism was the colonization of the continent by European powers in the late 19th cent. The First Pan-African Congress, convened in London in 1900, was followed by others in Paris (1919), London and Brussels (1921), London and Lisbon (1923), and New York City (1927). These congresses organized chiefly by W. E. B. DuBois and attended by the North American and West Indian black intelligentsia, did not propose immediate African independence; they favored gradual self-government and interracialism. In 1944, several African organizations in London joined t o form the Pan-African Federation, which for the first time demanded African autonomy and independence. The Federation convened (1945) in Manchester the Sixth Pan-African Congress, which included such future political figures as Jomo Kenyatta from Kenya, Kwame Nkrumah from the Gold Coast, S. L. Akintola from Nigeria, Wallace Johnson from Sierra Leone, and Ralph Armattoe from Togo. While at the Manchester congress, Nkrumah founded the West African National Secretariat to promote a so-called United States of Africa. Pan-Africanism as an intergovernmental movement was launched in 1958 with the First Conference of Independent African States in Accra, Ghana. Ghana and Liberia were the only sub-Saharan countries represented; the remainder were Arab and Muslim. Thereafter, as independence was achieved by more African states, other interpretations of Pan-Africanism emerged, including: the Union of African States (1960), the African States of the Casablanca C...